Study Of Modified Biophysical Profile In Iugr And Correlation With Perinatal Outcome

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the most common pregnancy complications and it substantially increases the risk of adverse neonatal outcome. Foetal biophysical profile is a well-established method of antepartum surveillance in IUGR patients. The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of modified foetal biophysical profile in IUGR pregnancies for predicting the perinatal outcome.

METHODS: This was a prospective observational study including 100 pregnancies affected by IUGR. Pregnant women with high risk factors leading to IUGR in ANC OPD admitted in ward or in emergency in Dept. Obstetrics and Gynaecology in tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. Written, informed, valid consent was taken in the language they best understood. Patients were divided into 4 groups NST and AFI both were normal in 67 cases (Group A). NST was normal and AFI was abnormal in 22 patients (Group B). AFI was normal and NST was abnormal in 5 patients (Group C). Both parameters were abnormal in 6 patients (Group D).

RESULTS: out of the 67 patients with adequate AFI and reactive NST, 19 (29%) babies had perinatal morbidity.14 (63.6%) out of 22 patients with inadequate AFI and non-reactive NST had perinatal morbidity. 4 (80%) out of 5 patients with non-reactive NST but normal AFI had some type of perinatal morbidity. While 3(50%) out of 6 patients with non-reactive NST with abnormal AFI had perinatal morbidity (P =0.014). Out of 100 babies, 17 (61%) of those with inadequate AFI has perinatal morbidity, while 23 (32%) with adequate AFI had the same (P<0.01).

CONCLUSION: Modified biophysical profile (MBPP) is easier, less time consuming, cost effective and patient compliant test and hence, can be used as a primary antepartum fetal surveillance test to predict perinatal outcome and provide timely intervention in IUGR pregnancies.