EXTRACTION OF PHENOLIC OIL FROM DATE SEED (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA) AND EVALUATION OF ITS ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIINFLAMMATORY, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICORROSION ACTIVITY

Abstract

Aside from nutrition, one of the most intriguing aspects of date seed is the oil. Date nuts are high in fatty acids. Date seed oil contains both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, with lauric and oleic being the most prevalent. Green extraction using a Soxhlet device as well as soaking was performed, and the results were compared to the Soxhlet procedure. For oil extraction, Deglet nour and Ajwa date seed were chosen. N-hexane, petroleum ether, and methanol were chosen as solvents. Methanol was discovered to be the most effective oil extraction solvent. Methanol extract of Deglet nour with free fatty acid 0.4 mg/mL (DN-M) yielded the highest oil yield, followed by Ajwa (AJ-PE) 0.3 mg/mL. Oil antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH, metal chelating and hydroxide scavenging activity. The DPPH test revealed that Methanol extracted DN had the highest free radical scavenging activity (82%), followed by Ajwa seed oil (78%). Deglet nour date seed oil had an 80% metal chelating activity, while AJM oil had a 69% metal chelating activity. Except for DNM, both seeds have no antioxidant ability on hydroxyl scavenging activity. DNM has a 42% anti-inflammatory effect, while DNH has a 37% anti-inflammatory effect. DN-M oil was found to be antimicrobial in nature among the two seeds. Both AJ-M and DN-M oils show microencapsulation of LAB, and on Deglet nour oil we observed a higher probiotic survival rate. In comparison to the control, the petroleum ether extract of both oils showed only 20% corrosion in hexane. GCMS reveals 25 different compounds, the majority of which are fatty acid esters. Autodock was used to investigate the anticancer potential of Benzothiazole, 2-(2-hydroxyethylthio), Acorenone, and Docosanol. Benzothiazole, 2-(2-hydroxyethylthio) was found to be a strong anticancer agent capable of inhibiting Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK2) and revealed similar interactions as the co-crystallized ligand R-Roscovitine. Anti-proliferative compounds such as Benzothiazole, 2-(2-hydroxyethylthio), Acorenone, and Docosanol were discovered. These pave the way for future anti-cancer research with Date seed oil.