The fetomaternal outcome of Iraqi pregnant women with COVID-19 assessed by ultrasound examination: Cross sectional study

Abstract

Background: Ladies who are pregnant and get infected cab be viewed as a unique population because they have altered immune reaction because of pregnancy in addition to being healthy young women. Preterm labor, spontaneous abortion and mortality among pregnant ladies have been reported to be higher during pregnancy when associated with concomitant SARS-Cov-1 infection in 2003. Despite a lot of publications about COVID-19, data about pregnancy outcome in association with SARS-Cov-2 are still not very well clear.
Aim of the study: The planning and conduction of the current study was justified aiming at assessing the rate of obstetric adverse outcomes by ultrasound examination.
Patients and methods: The current cross sectional study was conducted at Maternity and Childhood Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniyah
Province, Iraq. The study started on December the 15th 2020 and ended at October the 3rd 2021. The study included 600 pregnant ladies with no previous chronic medical illness with an age range of 20 to 38 years. All participants had positive RT-PCR test results.
Results: Regarding the first group, during first trimester, no complication was reported, during the second trimester, oligohydramnios was reported in 5 (2.8 %) and placental maturation was reported in 2 (1.1 %). During the third trimester, oligohydramnios was reported in 10 (5.6 %) and placental maturation was reported in 8 (4.4 %). Regarding the second group, during the second trimester, oligohydramnios was reported in 5 (2.0 %) and placental maturation was reported in 2 (0.8 %). During the third trimester, oligohydramnios was reported in 10 (4.0 %) and placental maturation was reported in 8 (3.2 %). Regarding the third group, oligohydramnios was reported in 10 (5.9 %) and placental maturation was reported in 8 (4.7 %).
Conclusion: The effect of Covid 19 in pregnancy : no gross anomaly can be detected , and because elevated d-dimer level , it causes
oligohydramnios in different degree & early calcified placenta , mild decrease in placental artery flow velocity , with normal pattern of
flow & this more sever in 3rd trimester than 2nd trimester , with nearly no effect in 1st trimester