The Use Of Chitosan Milkfish (Chanos Chanos) Scales Waste As An Alternative Bone Regeneration Material In Socket Preservation

Abstract

Introduction: Tooth extraction is frequently performed due to irreversible tooth decay. A well-directed tooth extraction will aid in the process of regenerating the bone around the extraction, commonly known as a preservation socket. Because chitosan acts as a regeneration substance, its usage in the preservation socket is predicted to speed up the bone healing process. Chitosan can be made from a variety of natural elements, one of which is milkfish scale waste, which is common in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The aim of this study is to assess the benefits of chitosan milkfish (chanos chanos) waste scale as an alternative bone regeneration material in socket preservation. This is a control group research with only a post-test. Methods : Cavia cobaya were divided into four groups of 32: (1) Socket preservation using milkfish scales chitosan, (2) milkfish scales chitosan + bovine xenograft, (3) bovine xenograft as a positive control, and (4) placebo as a negative control, then sacrificed on the third, seventh, fourteenth, and twenty-eighth days. The immunohistochemical analysis of the mandibular jaw samples was performed to assess the levels of OPG and RANKL. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene's test, and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine the data. Results: On days 3, 7, 14, and 28, groups with chitosan added showed lower levels of RANKL and a faster increase in OPG expressions compared to those without chitosan. Conclusion: Milkfish scales can increase the production of OPG and decrease RANKL expression so that it can help the process of bone regeneration after tooth extraction.