Genetic Antibiogram Of Enterococcus Faecalis Associated With Aerobic Vaginitis In Iraq

Abstract

The current study was aimed to investigate Enterococcus faecaӏis isolates associated with Aerobic vaginitis (AV), and study their antibiotic resistance patterns. A total of 300 females who visited the outpatient cӏinics in the Maternity and Pediatrics Teaching Hospitaӏ, in Aӏ-Diwaniya city, Iraq, were enrolled in this study. The results showed E. coli was the most prevalent bacterial species (36%) in vaginitis. The other isolated organisms included Candida albicans (17%), Enterococcus faecalis (16%),Staphylococcus aureus (14%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%), finally Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis (0.5%). From a total of 48 infections by E. faecalis  there are 43 (89%) samples that showed BV while 33 (68%) samples showed AV. β-lactamase production, which is rare in E. faecalis. The most effective antibiotics against E. faecalis were (Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Linezolide, Tigecycline, Penicillin-G, and Ampicillin), and that the highest resistance was against Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol and Rifampicin. The results showed that aac gene was negative for all isolates except for 10, 15, 16, and 17, while aph gene was positive for all. The results of the antibiotic resistance genes of the macrolides family showed erm A & B and mef A were negative in all isolates, while the msr A gene was positive for all isolates except 16 and 17. For the vancomycin antibiotic resistance genes, results showed  that van A gene was negative in all isolates except 1, 2,10, 11, 13, 14, and 16 were positive, while van B showed negative for all isolates. As for analyzing the phenotype and comparing it with the genotype, the possibility of the presence of the so-called silent genes was shown.