Prevalence Of Post Anesthesia Complications And Their Related Factors In Urologic Surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Today, surgical approaches are one of the main treatment options for many urological diseases. Anesthesia during surgery, despite its many benefits, causes complications after surgery and during recovery. Identifying these complications is important for their prevention and proper management. Therefore, the present study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of post-anesthesia complications and related factors in the post-anesthesia care unit in urologic surgeries.

Materials and methods: A descriptive/analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on patients hospitalized in the urology department of the hospital who underwent urologic surgeries with different anesthesia approaches. Complications of anesthesia after entering recovery including chills, nausea and vomiting upon arrival, 15 minutes and 30 minutes after entering recovery along with hemodynamic changes, respiratory complications and neurological complications were recorded. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: In this study, 123 patients were examined. Pain 30 minutes after entering recovery (P=0.01) and nausea and vomiting 15 minutes after entering recovery were more in women than men (P=0.03). People with underlying disease had more pain upon entering recovery (P=0.03), increased blood pressure (P=0.001) and hypoxia (P=0.02). Pain upon entering recovery was higher in sedation and general anesthesia than regional anesthesia (P=0.01). Chills and bradycardia were more frequent in regional anesthesia (P=0.001), while the frequency of respiratory distress and larynx spasm was more in sedation (P=0.001). Pain upon entering recovery was found to be more in bladder and prostate surgery and ureter and urinary tract surgery (P=0.049). Reduction of blood pressure and larynx spasm was observed in bladder and prostate surgery more than other types of surgery (P=0.049). Post anesthetic agitation in testicular and scrotal surgery was more than other types of surgery (P=0.001).

Conclusion: The results demonstrated that increased blood pressure, respiratory distress, hypoxia and restlessness were the most common hemodynamic, respiratory and neurological complications of anesthesia after urologic surgery. The frequency of pain in sedation and general anesthesia was also found to be more than that of regional anesthesia, while the frequency of shivering was higher in regional anesthesia. Respiratory complications were recorded to be the most frequent in sedation. Additionally, some anesthesia complications were significantly related to the underlying characteristics of the patients, such that pain, nausea, and vomiting were more common in women, while pain, increased blood pressure, and hypoxia were more frequent in patients with underlying diseases.