Evaluation Of Hematological Parameters Of Patients With Recurrent Apthous Stomatitis Among Sriganganagar Population – A Case Control Study

Abstract

Introduction: Recurrent Apthous Stomatistis (RAS) is defined as the presence of recurring ulcers confined to oral mucosa. Approximately 20% of patients suffer from this painful and debilitating disease. Present study was conducted to assess the level of Serum B12, Serum Feritin, Hemoglobin and Foliate as the risk factor of recurrent apthous stomatitiss and to know whether blood grouping has any influence in Recurrent Apthous Stomatitis.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate various haematological changes in patients with common oral ulcers.

Method: 415 people were included in the study, 212 cases and 203 control subjects, consisting of 126 men and 289 women (age range: 18-70 years). Patients were diagnosed as having RAS after they had at least three episodes of oral ulcerations. The variable assessed were Serum Feritin, Serum vitamin B12, Haemoglobin and Serum iron, folic acid, and blood groups. Data collection was done using a questionnaire with their demographic details, frequency and healing period of ulcers. Using WHO guidelines, diagnostic criteria was setup. Blood samples were collected comparisons were done. Data was analyzed,Chi-squaree and Mann Whitney U test was applied to test significant differences between cases and controls, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Majority of  lesions were minor type, followed by RAU major and herpetiform ulcers. Overall, hematological parameters in the study group were lesser than the control group, which was statistically significant. It was observed that RAU patients majorly were of blood group O, followed by B, A and AB.

Conclusion: Hematological disturbances may be an etiological factor of RAS. Greater emphasis must be placed on balanced nutrition to RAS patients.