Efficacy and Safety of Different Types of Surfactants used in Nanostructures for Topical Ocular Drug Delivery

Abstract

The eyes are the most sensitive organ in the human body with complicated physiology, so that any associated dysfunctions or injuries are the leading causes of total blindness. Dynamic barriers of the eyes allow just 5% of medicines of the eye drops to be reached to the eye’s aqueous fluids, that’s why eye drops shall be administered frequently to keep a drug concentration at the side of action, therefore research hard work focused on developing novel drug delivery system that can overcome problem associated with conventional drug delivery to ocular surfaces subsequently nano-technology based ophthalmic preparations have been extensively studied in the domain of drug administration to the anterior and posterior portions of the eye over the last few decades. Surface active agents (SAAs) have been broadly used for the design of various of the dosage forms targeting ofthalmic tissues. Novel ocular carriers employing SAAs were mainly classified into particulate, vesicular, and controlled release drug delivery systems. Depending on their physicochemical properties, Yet, their use is limited by their possible harmfulness and possible interactions with other formulation ingredients. This review offers information about the efficacy and safety of various types of surfactants utilized in nanotechnology(nanomicelles, niosomes, nanoemulsions) for topical ocular medication delivery over the last ten years. Nonionic surfactants were the most commonly utilized surfactant among other types of surfactants (anionic and cationic) because of their safity and effectiveness in the range used for ofthalmic drug delivery of novel nanotechnology.