Effects of Harmine and Piperine Against the PANC-1 Cell Line In Vitro Investigation on Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

A severe cancer with a quick course that frequently affects males over 40 is pancreatic cancer. In recent years, its frequency has significantly increased. It causes 5% of all cancer-related deaths and 2% of all cancers. In this research, we assess a potential drug candidate for pancreatic cancer by examining the anti-cancer properties of harmine and piperine in vitro on PANC-1 cell line. The IC₅₀ of both the compounds were determined. It was found that piperine has a higher cytotoxicity with an IC₅₀ of 69.80 µg/ml, in comparison to harmine which has an IC₅₀ of 92.43 µg/ml. Hoechst 33342 is a staining chemical that is used to accurately stain the nuclei of living or preserved cells and tissues. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining can be used to identify apoptosis-associated alterations in cell membranes throughout the apoptosis process in combination with DNA fragmentation studies. The results open the door for more investigation into pancreatic cancer therapies based on piperine.