Prevalence of Depression State among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients in Bali Rheumatic Autoimmune Community

Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of unknown cause, with one of the clinical manifestations is depression. The incidence of depression in SLE is quite high and most of them are undiagnosed due to subclinical presentation or do not appear in routine SLE examinations, so it is a challenge for clinicians to recognize the diagnostic criteria, signs and symptoms of depression in SLE and appropriate treatment. Aim: To determine prevalence of depression in SLE patients. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design involving 81 SLE patients at Bali Autoimmune Rheumatic Community in March 2021. The assessment of the level of depression was carried out using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire.
Results: The mean age in this study sample was 37.4 years with an average length of illness with SLE 6.1 years. Most of the samples were female (98.8%). Most of the respondents have a bachelor's degree (56.8%) and most of the respondents have occupation as civil
servants/private/TNI/Polri (49.3%). Marital status is mostly married (69.1%). The prevalence of depression found was 38.2%, which was
divided into mild depression 8.6%, moderate depression 24.7% and major depression 4.9%