Frequency Of Hypomagnesemia In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Aim: To determine the frequency of Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Study design: An analytical cross-sectional study Study

Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Sabah Al Ahmad E Clinic MOH Kuwait from March 2021 to March 2022

Methodology: A total of 110 patients participated in the study. A total of 31 (28.18%) patients had type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and 47 (42.72%) had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The remaining 32 (29.09%) were non-diabetic individuals and they had been allocated to the control group. The diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus were done according to the criteria of the World Health Organization. The patients included in the study were available for other laboratory investigations too.

Results: The mean age of the patients in the control, T1DM and T2DM were 29.64±1.94, 30.64±1.41, and 52.33±1.51, respectively. The age, body mass index (BMI), and basal C-peptide level were greater in the patients with T2DM compared to T1DM patients (p=0.001). The mean of the magnesium levels in the diabetic patients was 0.83±0.13 mmol/L and it was 1.04±0.14 mmol/L in the non-diabetic individuals (p=0.001). The level of magnesium was lower in the diabetic patients compared to the non-diabetic individuals in the control group. Hypomagnesemia was detected in 64% of diabetic patients.

Conclusion: Diabetic patients are more likely to have a lower level of serum magnesium. Therefore, the risk of developing complications related to hypomagnesemia is more in diabetic patients. Periodic investigation of the magnesium levels and replacement of magnesium if necessary is recommended in diabetic patients.