Breast Cancer Screening Using Digital Mammography: A Review Article

Abstract

Mammography is the accepted term for breast imaging using x-ray. A soft tissue x-ray is used to detect breast cancer early, significantly improving female patients' survival rates. When it comes to female cancers, breast cancer is far and by the most common. With the advent of digital mammography, the screening process for breast cancer has been dramatically improved, which is especially significant given the disease's high incidence rate in the general population. Digital mammography, which produces high-quality images while exposing patients to less radiation, has the potential to reduce breast cancer-related mortality and morbidity significantly. Single-view mammography screenings once every three years were first used in breast cancer screening programs in the early 1990s; digital mammography has a high accuracy compared to film mammography. It aids in early film detection at a low cost and is easy to implement. When comparing screen-film mammography (S.F.M.) to filled digital mammography (F.F.D.M.), there are several potential benefits to using F.F.D.M. for screening. Film mammography has low sensitivity compared to digital mammography, which has a high accuracy rate and is especially useful for screening women with thick breasts. Cancers of the breast can be detected with mammography screening, which typically involves a craniocaudal and mediolateral image of each breast. It is possible that further testing is needed, such as a stereotactic biopsy study, a magnified picture, or a scan with spots compressed. Diagnostic breast imaging biopsies may be more successful in distinguishing between cancer and benign tissue with the help of ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (M.R.I.), and breast tomosynthesis. Breast tomosynthesis, screen-film mammography, film-filled mammography, and mammography are all used in this field.