The Role Of Pathology In Personalized Medicine

Abstract

Background: The study of personalized medicine involves developing customized medical interventions through integrating DNA components with individual patient histories as well as ecological and personal behaviors. Targeted therapies receive guidance through molecular and histopathological insights which Pathology delivers to patients. New advances in genomic sequencing together with biomarker detection and digital pathology technology have improved both diagnostic preciseness and treatment outcome measurements.

Objectives: to  evaluates the use of pathological analysis in personalized medicine through a study of molecular markers accompanied by histopathological features together with patient results from targeted therapeutic strategies.

Study design: A retrospective cohort study

Place and duration of study. Department of Microbiology Nowshera Medical College Nowsher,Kpk-Pakistan From july 2019 to july 2020

Methods: A Medical experts analyzed 200 patients from different malignancy backgrounds through a retrospective study. Next-generation sequencing analysis and immunohistochemistry assays determined tumor biological composition after histopathology assessments of medical samples. The research used statistical methods to determine associations between therapeutic results and biomarker detection in patients. Statistical evaluations using mean age and standard deviation along with p-values determined the importance of research results.

Results: The study  involved a participant sample of 200 patients with an average age of 58.4 years (±10.2). The study of genetic mutations through molecular profiling revealed actionability in 62 percent of patients. Patients who received treatment according to molecular diagnostic findings of disease-specific targets achieved longer disease remission by 45% in comparison to standard therapies (p = 0.003). Checkpoint inhibitor response rates showed a substantial correlation with PD-L1 expression according to immunohistochemical results (p = 0.002). The treatment response from monoclonal antibody therapy was better among patients showing HER2 protein overexpression (p = 0.001). The research proves pathology plays an essential part in developing optimal precision medicine strategies for therapy selection.

Conclusion: The implementation of pathology forms an essential foundation for personalized medicine because it provides necessary data for selecting precise therapies as well as patient care decisions. Results of molecular and histopathological examinations enhance treatment effectiveness which produces better results for patients. Medicine will experience continuous progress in pathology-based diagnostic methods which will drive treatment accuracy towards better healthcare standards.