Renal Physiology In Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights Into Glomerular And Tubular Dysfunction

Abstract

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a slowdown in renal outputs which begins with glomerular and extends to tubular impairment. Disorders of these components are pivotal in the development of progression of kidney pathology and its morbidity including hypertension, proteinuria, and electrolyte imbalance. Renal physiology in the context of CKD must therefore be better understood in order that diagnosis and treatment may be enhanced.

Objectives: To assess the glomerular and tubular function abnormalities in CKD patients and understand its clinical relevance in CKD kidney function and progression.

Study design: A Prospective Cohort Study

Place and duration of study: Northwest General Hospital Peshawar from July 2021 to Sep 2021

Methods: The study involved a group, for which 50 patients with the CKD diagnosis was assessed. The global clearance rate of the native protein was assessed by determination of GFR, proteinuria, and tubular function tests. Simple regression correlation test was used to analyse the relationship between glomerular and tubular dysfunctions. Patients were also split according to their CKD status; comparisons of results were made concerning stage.

Results: Patients were 50 with the average age of 58.5 years old of them 12.3 SD together. An abnormality of greater than 30 dB was found in 38 patients with a p-value of < 0.05 for glomerular function. Thus, the degree of tubular dysfunction was highest in patients with the lowest GFR values (p < 0.01). Again we noted a positive correlation between proteinuria and tubular dysfunction (p < 0.001) implying advanced CKD stages.

Conclusion: glomerular and tubular disorder in CKD progression. If both deficiencies and dysfunctions are addressed earlier on, the course of the disease may be altered, along with the prognosis of affected patients.