Endometrial Pathology In Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Among Perimenopausal Women: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A deviation from the regular menstrual cycle, including changes to its regularity, frequency, heaviness of flow, duration of flow, and amount of blood loss, is referred to as abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). One-third of patients visiting the Gynecology OPD with this complaint indicate that it is a highly common gynecological problem.  Abnormal uterine bleeding has replaced previously used inconsistent and ambiguous terms including menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. It is an umbrella word that incorporates heavy menstrual bleeding, inter menstrual bleeding, and ovulatory problems.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to evaluate the endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding among perimenopausal women.

STUDY DESIGN: Comparative cross sectional study

PLACE AND DURATION: This Study was conducted at Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital PGMI Islamabad from December 2021 to December 2022.

METHODOLOGY: One hundred and twenty-seven (n=127) perimenopausal women between the ages of 35 and 50 years were diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding. Age, parity, bleeding pattern, ultrasound findings, and histopathological diagnosis were recorded. SPSS version 22 was used to enter and analyses the data for analysis.

RESULTS: Majority 56(44.9%) of the participants were having age between 40-45 years with 1.3^rd being nulliparous and 51(40.16%) being multipara. It was observed that a majority of patients 69(54.33) had prolonged menstrual duration. Evaluation of the pattern of uterine bleeding in perimenopausal womenrevealedthat73(57.48%) women had frequent and41(32.28%) had normal scan.

CONCLUSION: The study has effectively reported endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding among perimenopausal women. The secret to an effective treatment plan and the best possible outcome is accurate endometrial sampling analysis. By regular endometrial sampling, it would be possible to manage irregular uterine bleeding on an individual basis and avoid needless benign hysterectomy.