Phytochemical Analysis And Antimicrobial Activity Of Nostoc Muscorum Extracts Against E.Coli And S.Bongori

Abstract

Nostoc muscorum is an oxygenic photosynthetic, obligate photo autotrophic, gram negative, free living green-brown coloured cyanobacteria found in both terrestrial and aquatic environmental condition. It is rich in secondary metabolites but least investigated. The present investigation was aimed at extraction of bioactive chemical mixture from Nostoc muscorum grown in media with and without ammonium chloride. The species was used to culture in Chu no.10 medium then its dried fine powder was macerated chloroform and methanol for extraction. The extracts were tested for various phytochemical groups present in there according to Haborne. The percentage yield of extraction of N. muscorum cultured in Non-diazotrophic and Diazotrophic environment with chloroform was reported as 3.6% & 4.5% respectively while that extracted in methanol was 4.8% and 3.9% respectively. All extracts are rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates and diterpenes in particular upon preliminary chemical test. The total flavonoidal content of N. muscorum cultured in Non-diazotrophic and Diazotrophic environment of chloroform was reported as 0.954 and 0.897 mg/100mg respectively, while that extracted in methanol was 1.014 and 1.136 mg/100mg respectively. The antimicrobial activity for chloroform extract of N.muscorum cultured in Non-diazotrophic environment showed 6±0, 7±0.47 and 8±0.47 mm zone of inhibition against E. coli (MTCC-1687) at 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml dilutions used respectively. While against S. bongori (MTCC-3858) it was 8±0.47, 10±0.47 and 12±0.47 respectively. Again, for chloroform extract of N.muscorum cultured in Diazotrophic media showed 7±0.47, 9±0.47 and 9±2.49 mm zone against S. bongori (MTCC-3858) whereas its methanolic extract showed 6±0.23, 8±0.47 and 9±0.47 mm zone against E. coli (MTCC-1687) at 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml dilutions used respectively. In order to have profound biological activity of N. muscorum in order to develop novel therapeutic compounds with least side effects, further extensive investigations are needed based on high end techniques.