Impact Of Mineral And Nano-Fertilizers Application On Pollen Grain Viability And Toxicity On Sorghum

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Moench is an important grain crop. The characterization and viability of pollen grain are useful tool to guide crosses in breeding programs. Pollen grain represents a critical phase in the life cycle of plants, as viable pollen is crucial for effective sexual plant reproduction. The fate of pollen and pollen tubes can have a profound effect on fruit and seed production. Control and three treatment of mineral and nano-fertilizers were evaluated on sorghum plants. Pollen grains viability were choosing as indicator to study the effect of the previous fertilizers by ultrastructural changes in the exine and interior walls of pollen grains. Mineral fertilizer (NPK) were add to soil after 20 and 30 days before the second irrigation as 100 kg N/fed, 24 kg P₂O₅/fed, 24 kg K₂O/fed; nano-fertilizer (NPK NPs) used as foliar application after 30 and 45 days by the recommended dose (2L/fed.) and the mixing between both (1:1) were used, in addition to control. The results showed high significant variations in pollen grain characteristics for different types of fertilizers, especially for nono-fertilizer and mixture. These current data indicated that nanomaterials have effect on plant and it need more studies before used in fertilizers for plants.