Evaluation Of Triglyceride/Glucose Index And Triglycerides/HDL Ratio In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Comparison With Healthy Controls

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM), metabolic disorder with increasing prevalence. Insulin resistance (IR) is the main pathophysiologic mechanism of T2DM. Recently, TyG index and TG/HDL ratio have been reported as markers of insulin resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the TyG index and TG/HDL ratio in type 2 diabetes mellitus, comparison with healthy controls.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry, Gayathri Vidya Parishad Institute of Health Care & Medical Technology, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. After obtaining the approval from the institutional ethics committee and informed consent, 150 T2DM patients were considered as cases and 150 healthy subjects were considered as controls. Physical and clinical examination was done for all the subjects.

Fasting and post-prandial blood samples were collected from all study subjects and centrifuged. Serum sample was used for the estimation of blood glucose, lipid profile (total cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDLC, LDLC). EDTA samples were used for HbA1c. TyG index, TG/HDL ratio and other lipid ratios were calculated. BMI and blood pressure was recorded.

Results: In the present study, BMI, blood pressure, blood sugar, HbA1c, lipid profile parameters, Non-HDLC, TC/HDLC ratio, TG/HDL Ratio, TyG index were significantly increased in cases compared to healthy controls. HDLC, HDLC/LDLC Ratio and HDLC/Non-HDLC Ratio were decreased in cases than controls. In this study, significant positive correlation was observed between study parameters and TyG index, TG/HDL ratio whereas HDLC, HDLC/LDLC Ratio, HDLC/Non-HDLC ratio were negatively correlated with TyG index and TG/HDL ratio.

Conclusion: TyG index and TG/HDL ratio may serve as markers of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.