Evaluating The Impact Of Lifestyle Factors And Presence Of Comorbidities On Cardiovascular Health: A Comprehensive Review Of Literature

Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 17.9 million deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) occur each year. Some lifestyle factors, including obese or higher BMI, smoking, living a sedentary lifestyle, drug abuse, unhealthy diet, and sleep deprivation might raise one's susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. The risk, severity, progression, and outcomes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) can all be affected by comorbid illnesses, which can have a considerable effect on cardiovascular health.

Methodology: Electronic database was searched for the material of this article: main findings in the research articles were extracted and they were then placed into themes that were representative of the main lifestyle habits. The incidence of comorbid and population characteristics was extracted to evaluate the burden and relation of the comorbid.

Results: The main themes are “Diet”, “Smoking”, “Physical activity”, “Substance abuse”, “BMI” and “Sleep deprivation”. Inappropriate diet, lack of physical activity and proper sleep along with higher BMI are risk factors. Substance abuse and smoking can add to adversity. Comorbid conditions affect the progression of the disease.

Conclusion: The substantial negative effects of lifestyle choices and coexisting conditions on cardiovascular health highlight the critical relevance of disease prevention and promotion of good health.